Russian Operators Could Begin 5G Deployment This Summer
The State Commission on Radio Frequencies plans to allocate the 4.63–4.99 GHz band for the launch.
For many years, the rollout of fifth-generation mobile networks in Russia has been debated. A key obstacle has been the allocation of necessary radio frequencies for operators. However, according to the latest reports, that issue has been resolved.
Russia's Largest Cities First in Line
At the end of June, the State Commission on Radio Frequencies (GKRCh) intends to allocate the 4.63–4.99 GHz spectrum to VimpelCom, MTS, MegaFon, and T2, enabling the deployment of 5G networks in major cities. In addition, operators may be permitted to use frequencies previously assigned to 2G, 3G, and LTE under a technology-neutral framework. According to plans, next-generation connectivity should become available to residents of all cities with over a million inhabitants no later than December 31, 2027.
The introduction of the new technology will proceed in stages. By the end of this year, 5G networks are expected to operate in four regional centers. By 2027, the number will grow to 16 cities, reaching 40 by 2030 and 84 by 2035, according to an annex to the GKRCh draft resolution.
Operators can launch fifth-generation networks within days of the GKRCh decision and completion of formalities with Roskomnadzor. A large-scale replacement of equipment will not be necessary, as the infrastructure is already 5G Ready.
Delayed Effect
Initially, end users may not notice significant changes. Network performance will improve slightly, and latency will decrease. Substantial improvements will occur after deployment on the 4.63–4.99 GHz band, which could increase speeds four to ten times compared with LTE. Moreover, smartphones must support the designated frequency range, which is not yet available on all devices.
Despite the gradual rollout, there is no doubt that commercial 5G deployment will mark a major step forward in digital infrastructure development. Active 5G networks will incentivize equipment manufacturers to produce more advanced devices. Currently, large-scale production of devices adapted to the specific band is one of the bottlenecks; it still requires setup, but the market will respond to demand once the networks go live.
Not Just for Consumers
5G development is not only about meeting citizens’ demand for faster connectivity. Experts note that the key potential of the 4.63–4.99 GHz configuration lies in B2B and industrial applications. The spectrum will support smart cities, autonomous vehicles, tele-robotics, and industrial automation – representing a major leap in the country’s digital transformation.
There is little doubt that 5G rollout will be relatively fast. Operators have been preparing for several years. In 2021, MTS launched Russia’s first pilot 5G network in Moscow. The pilot covered 14 locations, promising users speeds of up to 1.5 Gbps. While the deployment was only a technology demonstration and not a commercial rollout, it demonstrated telecom operators’ strong interest in network upgrades.
Domestic Base Stations Already in Place
Russian equipment manufacturers have made significant contributions. In June of the previous year, IRTEYA unveiled Russia’s first fully domestic 5G base station at the CIPR conference. The system represents an important step toward technological sovereignty in mobile communications and also signals export potential, with deliveries possible to CIS countries, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East.
