MEPhI Develops Sensors That Detect Battery Fires Before Smoke Appears
Researchers at the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI have developed an early warning system that detects thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries before smoke or flames appear.
The system consists of a family of compact devices equipped with semiconductor and electrochemical gas sensors that detect methane, hydrocarbons, and other gases released as a battery begins to overheat. The devices have already been tested in both laboratory and field conditions. During trials, the sensors detected hazardous overheating in the batteries of wireless earbuds from a distance of 5 meters.
According to Shaltaeva, temperatures during thermal runaway can reach 1,000°C. The process may be triggered by deep discharge, overcharging, a faulty charger, mechanical damage, or manufacturing defects.
The researchers initially plan to deploy the technology in electronics warehouses, parking facilities for electric scooters and electric vehicles, and energy storage systems. In the future, they intend to develop portable versions for consumer use.
